CLOZE TESTS (25022022) Mã A121057

CLOZE TESTS

Task 01: The elementary means of communicating with other people is 1)______ messages by voice. This fact is widely acknowledged and we recognize the voice as a feature characterizing the 2)______ of a person. The array of voices is immeasurable as no two are exactly similar. They can be nasal, resonant or shrill produced in accordance with the individual physical 3)_____ of the throat.

One possible implementation of the art of voice recognition is voice profiling used by police analysts as a method of substantiating court 4)______ in trials. Every year thousands of audiotapes with recorded interviews or casual utterances are 5)______ to the purpose to help identify the probable culprit. Specialists dealing with the voice investigation claim that people can 6)______ themselves away by their accents, infections or other voice attributes like pitch, intensity and loudness. A recorded sample is usually converted into electric impulses and later transformed into a pictorial recording which is 7)______ by a computer program. Very frequently voice analysts have a stab at deciphering the relevant information which may be 8)______ with background noise or other interfering sounds until they attain the desired results.

Thankfully, these efforts help the police 9)______ individuals who threaten their victim by phone or inform about bomb planting or those who make offensive calls 10)______ the peace of decent citizens.

Task 02: Dreams are a sequence of ideas, emotions, sensations and images, which arise during certain stages of sleep. The purpose of dreams as part of the biological 1)______ is not yet fully understood.

Dreams are known to be connected to the 2)______ mind and the stage of sleep at which they occur is 3)______ by rapid-eye-movement (REM), when an observer might see a sleeper’s eyelids ‘fluttering’. Although our dreams may last for up to half an hour, we can rarely 4)______ them clearly and usually, within moments of waking, find it difficult to bring them to mind at all.

The significance of dreams can be 5)______ in many different ways. Freud, renowned as the father of psychoanalysis, believed that dreams are manifestations of our most profound desires and anxieties. He claimed to be able to 6)______ an individual’s subconscious through dreams and demonstrated a connection between dreams and repressed childhood 7)______.

The ancient Egyptians noted their dreams on papyrus as people who experienced vivid dreams were considered to have a kind of 8)______ sense. They believed that dreams 9)______ oracles, bringing messages from the gods; thus they would attempt to deliberately evoke dreams, going to sanctuaries to sleep on special dream beds. This is not something which modern scientists would hold with, but perhaps we should keep an 10)______ mind!

Task 03: Today, there is much talk about ADHD, or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. ADHD is not a learning 1)______, however it can cause difficulties in an academic setting.

Usually, this disorder is noticed in children around the age of six and in order for a proper 2)______ to be made, they need to be observed for around six months. What are the 3)______? First and foremost, children who suffer from disorder are often unable to 4)______ information easily or to focus on a task for any 5)______ of time. Therefore they have difficulties in completing it. They have a very 6)______ attention span and as a result, they get bored easily. Their 7)______ is also affected and in a classroom setting, the student may be 8)______ and unable to sit down and take in information. Students are also 9)______ and unable to wait; they often do things impulsively.

Unfortunately, the 10)______ of ADHD is still unknown, but as it is becoming more and more common in students today, constant research is being carried out.