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Advanced Word Formation
Word formation is one of the keys to success for advanced level ESL learners. Advanced level English exams such as the TOEFL, First Certificate CAE and Proficiency use word formation as one of the key testing elements. These word formation charts provide the concept noun, personal noun, adjective and verb forms of key vocabulary listed in alphabetical order.
A
Concept noun Personal noun Adjective Verb
absenteeism absentee absent-minded to be absent
accounting accountant accountable account
accusation accuser / accused accusing accuse
achievement achiever achieved achieve
addiction addict addictive/addicted to become addicted
administration administrator administrative administrate
admiration admirer admired / admiring admire
advertisement advertiser advertised advertise
advice adviser advisory advise
aggravation aggressor aggravating aggravate
agitation agitator agitated agitate
analysis analyst analytical analyse
antagonism antagonist antagonistic antagonize
arbitration arbitrator arbitrary arbitrate
assassination assassin assassinated assassinate
authorization authority authoritarian / authoritative authorize
B-C
Concept noun Personal noun Adjective Verb
baking baker baked bake
banking banker bankrupt bank
belief believer believable believe
benevolence benefactor beneficial benefit
bidding bidder bidden bid
blackmail blackmailer blackmailed blackmail
blasphemy blasphemer blasphemous blaspheme
bombardment bomber bombarded bomb
brainwashing brainwasher brainwashed brainwash
broadcasting broadcaster broadcast broadcast
2
business businessman / business woman businesslike to do business
calculation calculator calculated calculate
censorship censor censored censure
challenging challenger challenged challenge
charming charmer charmed / charming charm
cheerfulness cheerleader cheerful cheer
childbearing childcare childlike child
choreography choreographer choregraphed choreograph
civilization civilian civil civilize
collaboration collaborator collaborated collaborate
comedy comedian comic to be funny
competition competitor competitive compete
D
Concept noun Personal noun Adjective Verb
dancing dancer danced dance
deafness deaf deafening to go deaf
dealings dealer / dealership dealt deal
decoration decorator decorative decorate
defeat defeatist defeated defeat
defense defendant / defender defended defend
demonstration demonstrator demonstrative demonstrate
design designer designed design
destruction destroyer destructive destroy
determination determiner determined determine
development developer developed develop
dictatorship dictator dictatorial dictate
diplomacy diplomat diplomatic to be diplomatic
direction director directed direct
discipline disciplinarian disciplinary discipline
distribution distributor distributed distribute
divorce divorcee divorced divorce
drama dramatist dramatic dramatize
drunkenness drunkard drunk drink
dwelling dweller dwelt dwell E
Concept noun Personal noun Adjective Verb
eavesdropping eavesdropper eavesdropped eavesdrop
economics economist economical economize
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