Hệ thống ngữ pháp tiếng Anh khối 8 Học kì I

Hệ thống ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh lớp 8 – HK I N. T. T. Hương

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HỆ THỐNG NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH LỚP 8 (PHẦN I) A. Các dạng câu thường gặp: I. Câu bị động đặc biệt: 1. Câu bị động với: think/ believe/ say…: a. + CĐ: S (People, They,….) + say/ think/ believe…+ that +……… - BĐ: S + is/am/are + said/ thought/ believed…+ to V………… It + is/am/are + said/ thought/ believed… that +…………

b. + CĐ: S (People,They,…..) + said/thought/believed…+ that…. - BĐ: S + was/were + said/thought/believed…+ to have + V(pII) It + was/were+ said/thought/believed… that +…………

Eg: People believe that 13 is an unlucky number. => 13 is belived to be an unlucky number. => It is believed that 13 is an unlucky number.

Eg: They thought that Mai had gone away. => Mai was thought to have gone away. => It was thought that Mai had gone away.

2. Câu bị động với “have”: + CĐ: S + have/has/had + sb + V + st+ ……. - BĐ: S + have/has/had + st + V(pII) + (by sb)... Eg: I had him repair my bicycle yesterday. => I had my bicycle repaired yesterday.

3. Câu bị động với “get”: + CĐ: S + get/gets/got + sb + to V + st +……. - BĐ: S + get/gets/got + st + V(pII) + (by sb)... Eg: I got him to repair my car last week. => I got my car repaired last week.

4. Câu bị động với “make”: + CĐ: S + make/made + sb + V + st +…… - BĐ: S (Sb) + is/ are// was/ were made + to V+ St +…… Eg: The step mother made Littele Pea do the chores all day. => Littele Pea was made to do the chores all day.

5. Need: + CĐ: S + need + to V+ st +…….. - BĐ: S (st)+ need + to be V(pII). S (st)+ need+ V-ing. Eg: You need to cut your hair. => Your hair need to be cut. => Your hair need cutting.

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Hệ thống ngữ pháp Tiếng Anh lớp 8 – HK I N. T. T. Hương

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II. Câu trực tiếp, gián tiếp: A. Các dạng câu chuyển gián tiếp: 1. Câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu: - Câu mệnh lệnh, yêu cầu có các dạng: “(Don’t) + V +…..+ (please)!” “Will/Would/Can/Could + S + (not) +……+ (please)?” “Would you mind + (not) + V-ing +…..?”

=>S + told/asked/warned (cảnh báo) begged (cầu xin)/ordered (ra lệnh) reminded (nhắc nhở) … + O+ (not) to V…

Eg: “Listen carefully” The teacher said to us. => The teacher told/asked us to listen carefully. Eg: “Don’t make noise, Jim” The perfect said. => The perfect ordered Jim not to make noise. Eg: “Would you mind putting out your cigarette?”- said a woman. => A woman reminded me to put out my cigarette. *Câu yêu cầu với động từ tường thuật “asked” có dạng: “I’d like+……..” “Can/Could I have+……..” Khi chuyển gián tiếp ta áp dụng công thức: S + asked (+O)+for+ st +….. Eg: In the café,the man said: “I’d like a cup of tea”. =>The man asked for a cup of tea.

2. Lời khuyên: Lời khuyên có các dạng: “S+should(not)/ought (not) to/had better(not)+V+……..” “Why don’t you+V+…….” “If I were you, I would+V+…….” =>S1+said+(to+O)+that+S2+should+V+……. =>S+advised/encouraged(khuyến khích)+ O+to V+……. Eg: “You should run faster” The teacher said. => The teacher said that I should run faster. => The teacher advised me to run faster. Eg: “Why don’t you take off your coat?” She said. =>She advised me to take off my coat. Eg: “If I were you,I would stop smoking” He said. =>He advised me to stop smoking. Eg: “Go on,apply for the job”Mrs.Smith said. => Mrs.Smith encouraged me to apply for the job”

3. Câu trần thuật: - Câu trần thuật có dạng: “S+V(s/ es/ ed/ pI/ pII)+…….” =>S+said+that+S+V(lùi thì)+………

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