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THEORY + EXERCISES Present simple
Subject + Verb-s/es Subject + don’t/doesn’t + Verb I/ We/ You/ They work/live/go/study. I/ We/ You/ They don’t (do not)
work/live/go/study.
He/ She/ It... works/lives/goes/studies. He/ She/ It doesn’t (does not)
work/live/go/study.
Do/Does + Subject + Verb Short Answers Do I/ we/ you/ they work/play/go/study? Yes, I/we/you/they do. No, I/we/you/they don’t. Does he/ she/ it work/play/go/study? Yes, he/she/it does. No, he/she/it doesn’t. * Use: Diễn tả hành động lặp đi, lặp lại, thói quen ở hiện tại hoặc chân lí, định luật. (always, usually, often, sometimes, every day...)
Past simple
Subject + V-ed/V2 Subject + didn’t + Verb (infinitive) I/ We/ You/ They... He/ She/ It...
worked/lived/studied/ went/came/left.
I/ We/ You/ He/ She/ It/ They
didn’t (did not)
work/live/study/ go/come/leave.
Did + Subject + Verb (infinitive) Short Answers Did I/ we/ you/ they/ he/ she/ it
work/live/study/ go/come/leave?
Yes, I/ we/ you/ they/ he/ she/ it/ did. No, I/we/ you/ they/ he/ she/ it/ didn’t. * Use: Diễn tả hành động đã kết thúc trong quá khứ với thời gian được xác định. (yesterday, last week, 2 days ago, in 1995...)
Present perfect
have/has + past participle (V-ed/V3) haven’t/hasn’t + past participle (V-ed/V3) I/We/You/They have (’ve)
worked/lived/gone/ seen/known/ had
I/We/You/ They haven’t (have not)
worked/lived/gone/ seen/known/ had He/ She/ It... has (’s)
worked/lived/gone/ seen/known/ had
He/ She/ It hasn’t (has not)
worked/lived/gone/ seen/known/ had
Have/Has + subject + past participle (V-ed/V3) Short Answers Have I/ we/ you/ they worked/lived/gone/ seen/known/ had
Yes, I/ we/ you/ they have. No, I/ we/ you/ they haven’t. Has he/ she/ it worked/lived/gone/ seen/known/ had
Yes, he/she/it has. No, he/she/it hasn’t. * Use: • Diễn tả hành động đã chấm dứt nhưng không xác định thời gian.(ever, just, recently, lately, already...). • Diễn tả hành động bắt đầu trong qúa khứ và kéo dài đến hiện tại (since 2001; since last year; for a week; for 2 years...)
Exercise: Put the verb in brackets in the correct tense, Present simple, Past simple, Present perfect 1. I (get up) ........................ at 5.30 every morning. This morning I (get up) .................... at 6.00. 2. He often (go) ............. to the movies on the weekends. Last weekend he (go) ............ to the movies. 3. I (see) .................. my uncle every two weeks. I (not see) ........................... my uncle last week. 4. I (not see) ............................... my uncle for a week. 5. Lan (move) ......................... to Da Lat in 2003. She (live) ........................ in Da Lat since 2003. 6. I (not know) ........................... Hung’s sister. I (never meet) .......................................... her. 7. (you / see) ....................................... Lan recently? 8. How long (you / know) ............................................... your best friend? - For 9 years.
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2/ Expressing wishes contrary to fact in present: S + wish + S + V (past simple) S + wish + S + could + V (infinitive)
a. I don’t know her phone number. I wish ...............................................................................
b. Nam doesn’t have a computer. He wishes ........................................................................
b. I live very far from school. I wish ...............................................................................
c. We have to go to school on Saturdays. We wish ...........................................................................
d. I can’t play the guitar. I wish ...............................................................................
e. She can’t speak English. She wishes .......................................................................
3/ The passive form (be + past participle)
Active: S + V + O
Passive S + be + p.p + (by O)
Change the following active sentences into the passive. a. …
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