Bài tập và ngữ pháp về Câu gián tiếp Tiếng anh lớp 8

Trực tiếp - Gián tiếp

(Trong tiếng Anh)

Chuyển đổi từ một câu trực tiếp sang một câu gián tiếp.

_Khi chuyển ta cần chú ý đến một số thay đổi sau: + Trạng từ;trạng ngữ;thời:

Here There This/These + N(tg) That/Those + N(tg) Now Then This/These + N(#) The + N(#) hoặc That/Those + N(#) Today That day This/These (pro) It/They/them Tonight That night Will Would Tomorrow The next day/ The following day

Can Could

The day after tomorrow

In two days’ time May Might

Next week/month...

The following week/month... Must Had to

Ago Before Should Should Yesterday The day before/ The previous day

Had better Had better

The day before yesterday

Two days before Ought to Ought to

Last week/month... The previous week/month... Used to Used to Last night The night before Eg: “I phoned him this morning,” she said

She said that she had phoned him that morning “I like this cake” he said

He said that he liked the/that cake “We will discuss this tomorrow,” he said

He said that they would discuss it the next day “You had better work harder,” She said

She said that I had better work harder She advised me to work harder * Các trạng từ chỉ thời gian, nơi chốn có thể không đổi hoặc đổi sang một dạng hoàn toàn khác tuỳ thuộc vào tình huống Eg:- “I will visit her tomorrow,” He said He said that he would visit her tomorrow (Cả câu trực tiếp và gián tiếp cùng đc nói trong một ngày) - “I have lived here for 5 years” He said He said that he had lived here for 5 years (Cả câu TT và GT cùng đc nói tại một địa điểm) He said that he had lived in Yen Cuong for 5 years (Người nói muốn cô thể hơn địa điểm này) * Ngoài ra, ta còn có thể thay đổi những từ ngữ khác tuỳ thuộc vào tình huống Eg:A nói với B: “I hate your friends,” B kể lại cho bạn của mình: He said that he hated you - Những thay đổi về thì khi chuyển sang câu gián tiếp

HT§G “I live here” he said

QKĐG He said he lived there HTTD “I am watching TV” he said

QKTD He said he was watching TV HTHT “I have known her” he said

QKHT He said he had known her

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QKĐG “Ann arrived on Monday” she said

QKHT/QKĐG She said Ann (had) arrived on Monday QKTD “I was cleaning my house all day yesterday” he said

QKHTTD/QKTD He said he had been cleaning the house all day Will/Shall Would - Thì của MĐ sau wish, câu đk loại II , đk loại III không đổi Eg: - “We wish we didn’t have to take exams,” said the children

The children said that they wished they didn’t have to take exams - “If I had much money, I would visit Thailand,” said he

He said that if he had much money, he would visit Thailand

+ Một số loại câu:

* Câu khẳng định hoặc phủ định thì ta chuyển bình thường, đổi thời,trạng ngữ,chủ ngữ cho hợp với tình huống,nếu không thuộc những trường hợp đặc biệt.

ví dụ:

1. “I must go now,” He said. _He said (that) he had to go then. 2. “I am from China,” She said. _She said (that) she was from China. * Câu hỏi dạng đảo : sử dụng mẫu,

S + asked + smo + if/whether + S +V…

ví dụ:

1.“Is it far from Ha Noi?” Nhi asked Nga. _Nhi asked Nga if it was far from Ha Noi . 2. “Do you want to visit Ha Long Bay, Nga?” I said. _I asked Nga if she wanted to visit Ha Long Bay.

* Câu hỏi có (WH): “WH + trợ động từ + S + V + O...?” S + said/asked.

S + asked + Smo + WH + S +V…

ví dụ:

1.“ How long are you staying here,Nga?” asked Nam. _Nam asked Nga how long she was staying there. 2.“What country do you come from?” said Bill. _Bill asked what country I came from .

* Câu mệnh lệnh : “V + O... ,please.” Smo said./ “Don|t + V + O...,Please.” Smo said.

S + told/asked/requested + Smo +( not )+ to do Smt.

ví dụ: 1.“Please give this book to Ba.” Nam said to me. _Nam told/ asked me to give that book to Ba. 2.“Don|t close the window .” he said to me. _He told/ asked me not to close the window. * Câu đề nghị : “Can/Could you...?

S + told/asked + Smo + to do Smt.

ví dụ: 1.“ Can you give this book to Hoa?” Nam said to me. _Nam told me to give that book to Hoa.

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