Chuyên đề Reported speech (Câu tường thuật)

CHUYEN DE CAU TUONG THUAT – NGUYEN HUU PHUOC – THPT NGO VAN CAN

REPORTED SPEECH

( Câu tường thuật))

Lời nói gián tiếp với động từ giới thiệu ở quá khứ

Ex: Nam said, “ I am doing my homework now.” Nam said (that) he was doing his homework then. I. Tường thuật với câu kể ( Statements in reported speech)

Statement Reported speech

S + V + O

said / to Sb (O) + that + S (đổi ngôi) + V (lùi thì) S + told (O) + that + S(đổi ngôi) + V(lùi thì) *Note: Có thể sử dụng một số ĐT dẫn sau: thought, announced, explained, complained, believed…

EX: They said, “We’ll return to Paris next month”  They said they would return to Paris the month after. He said, : “ I like cartoons”  He said he liked cartoons.

Những quy tắc biến đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp

Rule (QuyTắc)

Direct speech (Trực tiếp) Reported speech (Gián tiếp)

I She / he Me Her / him

My Her / his

We They

Our Their

Us Them You → tương ứng với túc từ của mệnh đề chính

1. Subject

/Object (Chủ từ, túc từ)

He, she, it, him, her, they, them → không đổi Present simple ( Hiện tại đơn) S + am / is / are V1/Vs/es S + don’t / doesn’t + V1

Past simple (Quá khứ đơn) → S + was/ were → S +V2 /Ved → S + didn’t + V1 Present progressive ( HT tiếp diễn) S + is/am/are+Ving

Past progressive ( QK tiếp diễn) → S + was/were+Ving Present perfect ( HT hoàn thành) S + have / has+V3/ed

Past perfect (QK hoàn thành) → S + had+V3/ed Past simple (Quá khứ đơn) S + was / were ... S + V2 /Ved S + didn’t + V1

Past perfect (QK hoàn thành) → S + had been ..... → S +had +V3/ Ved → S +had’tn +V3/ Ved Past progressive ( QK tiếp diễn) S + was/were +Ving

Past perfect progressive → S + had +been +Ving Past perfect Past perfect

2. Verbs

(Động từ)

Future simple (will +V1) Future in the past (would +V1)

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CHUYEN DE CAU TUONG THUAT – NGUYEN HUU PHUOC – THPT NGO VAN CAN

Near future (is/am/are +going to +V1) →Was/were +going to +V1

3. Modal verbs

Will Can May Must

Would Could Might Must/Had to

This That These Those 4. Adverb

of place

Here There Now Then Today That day Yesterday The day before/ the previous day The day before yesterday Two days before Tomorrow The following day / the next day / the day after The day after tomorrow Two days after/ in two days’ time Ago Before This week That week Last week The week before/ the previous week Last night The night before/ the previous night

5. Adverb

of time

Next week The following week / the week after/ the next week

EXERCISE 1:Turn these sentences into Reported speech. 1. She said,” I can’t find my umbrella”  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. They said, “We are learning English now”  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 3. “ My friend is coming next week”, Tom said.  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 4. “ I’ll help my mum with housework this weekend” she said  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 5. “We shall overcome this difficulty”, they said  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 6. “ My father is a doctor here”, my friend said  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 7. “I am going on holiday tomorrow”, the boy said to his neighbor.  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 8. “ You will have to finish all these exercises before next week”, the teacher said to his students  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 9. “ I came back here early yesterday,” she said.  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 10. “ I’ve broken the vase,” she said  ……………………………………………………………………………………………

EXERCISE 2: 1. He said to her, “You are my friend.”  …………………………………………………………………………………………… 2. Johnny said to his mother, “I don’t know how to do this exercise.”  ……………………………………………………………………………………………

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