Lý thuyết & Bài tập về Reported speech (Câu gián tiếp)

REPORTED SPEECH *Quy tắc đổi ngôi: “Nhất chủ, nhị túc, tam nguyên” 1. Pronouns:

Ngôi Chủ từ Túc từ Tính từ sở hữu Đại từ sở hữu

Đại từ phản thân

I me my mine myself I

We us our ours ourselves II You you your yours Yourself/yourselves He him his his himself She her her hers herself It it its its itself III

They them their theirs themselves

@ 1st persons → Speakers (người nói)

I → he /she

Me → him /her My → his /her Mine → his / hers Myself→ himself /herself

We → they Us → them Our → their Ours → theirs Ourselves → themselves @ 2nd persons → Listeners (người nghe) You (O)→ me, him, her, them You (S)→ I , he , she , they Your → my , his , her , their Yours → mine, his ,hers , theirs @ 3rd person → Unchanged (không đổi)

He , she, it, names ( Lan , Hoa,Peter,.. )→ Unchanged

2. Verb tense: *Nếu động từ tường thuật ở quá khứ, đổi sang câu tường thuật ta phải lùi thì và thay đổi một số trạng từ như sau:

DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

▪ simple present ▪ present continuous ▪ present perfect ▪ simple past ▪ will/ shall, can,…

Simple past Past continuous Past perfect Past perfect would/should, could,…

▪ this ▪ these ▪ here ▪ now ▪ today ▪ ago ▪ tomorrow ▪ next month ▪ yesterday ▪ last week

that those there then that day before the following day/ the next day/ the day after the following month the day before/ the previous day the week before

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▪ must had to/ would have to

EXERCISES (REPORTED SPEECH: STATEMENTS)

(said to+ O = told+ O)

Ex: The teacher said to the class: “You will have a one-period test next week”  The teacher ................................................................................................................................... .

1. Nam said “I am told to be at school before 7 o’clock”  Nam…………………………...……………………………………………………………………… 2. Thu said “All the students will have a meeting next week”  Thu..………………………………….……………………………………………………………… 3. Phong said “I have chosen to run an office here. ”  Phong……………………………………………………..………………………………………… 4. The teacher said “All the homework must be done carefully”  The teacher……………………….……………………………………………………………… 5. Her father said to her “You can go to the movie with your friend tonight”  Her father……………………………..…………………………………………………………… 6. Thuan said: “I hope you will come and visit me in Ho Chi Minh city.”  Thuan…………………………………………………………………………………………………

EXERCISES (REPORTED SPEECH: YES/ NO QUESTIONS) * Yes-No questions: Ex: “Do you like coffee?” he said to me.  He asked me .........................................................

1. “Do you enjoy reading?” Phong asked Peter  Phong asked Peter ….……………………………………………………………………………. 2. “Did you go to Hue three years ago?” Tam asked Peter  Tam asked Peter …………..…………………………………………………………………… 3. “Are Tam and Hoa late for class?” Tuan asked Lan  Tuan asked Lan ………………………………………………………………………………… 4. “Will she be here for five days?” Tam asked Thu  Tam asked Thu………………………..………………………………………………………… 5. “Were you reading this book at 8 o’clock last Sunday?” She asked Ba  She asked Ba …………………………………….………………………………………………

EXERCISES (REPORTED SPEECH: WH-QUESTIONS)

* WH- questions: Ex: He said to me: “What are you doing now?”  He asked me ................................................................. .

1. “Where does your father work?” The teacher asked me  The teacher asked me ……………………..…………………………………………………………… 2. “How many people are there in your family?” She asked Lan  She asked Lan ………………………………..………………………………………………………… 3. Tam’s friend asked him “How long will you stay in England?”  Tam’s friend asked him .……………………….……………………………………………………… 4. “Are there some oranges in the fridge?” She asked her mom

S+ said + (that) + S + V S+ told + O + (that) + S + V

S+ asked + O + if/ whether + S+ V

S+ asked + O + WH- + S+ V

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